253 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
253 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
# Minecraft specific API and `scarpet` language add-ons and commands
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Here is the gist of the Minecraft related functions. Otherwise the CarpetScript could live without Minecraft.
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## App structure
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The main delivery method for scarpet programs into the game is in the form of apps in `*.sc` files located in the world `scripts`
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folder. When loaded (via `/script load` command, etc.), the game will run the content of the app once, regardless of its scope
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(more about the app scopes below), without executing of any functions, unless called directly, and with the exception of the
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`__config()` function, if present, which will be executed once. Loading the app will also bind specific
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events to the event system (check Events section for details).
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Unloading an app removes all of its state from the game, disables commands, removes bounded events, and
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saves its global state. If more cleanup is needed, one can define `__on_close()` function which will be
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executed when the module is unloaded, or server is closing or crashing. However, there is no need to do that
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explicitly for the things that clean up automatically, as indicated in the previous statement. With `'global'` scoped
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apps `__on_close()` will execute once per app, and with `'player'` scoped apps, will execute once per player per app.
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### App config via `__config()` function
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If an app defines `__config` method, and that method returns a map, it will be used to apply custom settings
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for this app. Currently the following options are supported:
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* `'scope'`: default scope for global variables for the app, Default is `'player'`, which means that globals and defined
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functions will be unique for each player so that apps for each player will run in isolation. This is useful in
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tool-like applications, where behaviour of things is always from a player's perspective. With player scope the initial run
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of the app creates is initial state: defined functions, global variables, config and event handlers, which is then copied for
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each player that interacts with the app. With `'global'` scope - the state created by the initial load is the only variant of
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the app state and all players interactions run in the same context, sharing defined functions, globals, config and events.
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`'global'` scope is most applicable to world-focused apps, where either players are not relevant, or player data is stored
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explicitly keyed with players, player names, uuids, etc.
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Even for `'player'` scoped apps, you can access specific player app with with commandblocks using
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`/execute as <player> run script in <app> run ...`.
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To access global/server state for a player app, you need to disown the command from any player,
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so either use a command block, or any
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arbitrary entity: `/execute as @e[type=bat,limit=1] run script in <app> globals` for instance, however
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running anything in the global scope for a `'player'` scoped app is not recommended.
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* `'stay_loaded'`: defaults to `false`. If true, and `/carpet scriptsAutoload` is turned on, the following apps will
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stay loaded after startup. Otherwise, after reading the app the first time, and fetching the config, server will drop them down.
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This is to allow to store multiple apps on the server/world and selectively decide which one should be running at
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startup. WARNING: all apps will run once at startup anyways, so be aware that their actions that are called
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statically, will be performed once anyways.
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* `'legacy_command_type_support'` - if `true`, and the app defines the legacy command system via `__command()` function,
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all parameters of command functions will be interpreted and used using brigadier / vanilla style argument parser and their type
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will be inferred from their names, otherwise
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the legacy scarpet variable parser will be used to provide arguments to commands.
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* `'allow_command_conflicts'` - if custom app commands tree is defined, the app engine will check and identify
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conflicts and ambiguities between different paths of execution. While ambiguous commands are allowed in brigadier,
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and they tend to execute correctly, the suggestion support works really poorly in these situations and scarpet
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will warn and prevent such apps from loading with an error message. If `allow_command_conflicts` is specified and
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`true`, then scarpet will load all provided commands regardless.
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* `'arguments'` - defines custom argument types for legacy commands with `'legacy_command_type_support'` as well
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as for the custom commands defined with `'commands'`, see below
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* `'commands'` - defines custom commands for the app to be executed with `/<app>` command, see below
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## Custom app commands
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Apps can register custom commands added to the existing command system under `/<app>` where `<app>` is the
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name of the app. There are three ways apps can provide commands:
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### Simple commands without custom argument support
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Synopsis:
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```
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__command() -> 'root command'
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foo() -> 'running foo';
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bar(a, b) -> a + b;
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baz(a, b) -> // same thing
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(
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print(a+b);
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null
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)
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```
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If a loaded app contains `__command()` method, it will attempt to register a command with that app name,
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and register all public (not starting with an underscore) functions available in the app as subcommands, in the form of
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`/<app> <fun> <args...>`. Arguments are parsed from a single
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`greedy string` brigadier argument, and split into function parameters. Parsing of arguments is limited
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to numbers, string constants, and available global variables, whitespace separated. Using functions and operators other than
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unary `-`, would be unsafe, so it is not allowed.
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In this mode, if a function returns a non-null value, it will be printed as a result to the
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invoker (e.g. in chat). If the provided argument list does not match the expected argument count of a function, an error message
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will be generated.
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Running the app command that doesn't take any extra arguments, so `/<app>` will run the `__command() -> ` function.
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This mode is best for quick apps that typically don't require any arguments and want to expose some functionality in a
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simple and convenient way.
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### Simple commands with vanilla argument type support
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Synopsis:
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```
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__config() -> {'legacy_command_type_support' -> true};
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__command() -> print('root command');
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foo() -> print('running foo');
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add(first_float, other_float) -> print('sum: '+(first_float+other_float));
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bar(entitytype, item) -> print(entitytype+' likes '+item:0);
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baz(entities) -> // same thing
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(
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print(join(',',entities));
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)
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```
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It works similarly to the auto command, but arguments get their inferred types based on the argument
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names, looking at the full name, or the suffix after the last `_` that indicates the variable type. For instance, variable named `float` will
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be parsed as a floating point number, but it can be named `'first_float'` or `'other_float'` as well. Any variable that is not
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supported, will be parsed as a `'string'` type.
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Argument type support includes full support for custom argument types (see below).
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### Custom commands
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Synopsis. This example mimics vanilla `'effect'` command adding extra parameter that is not
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available in vanilla - to optionally hide effect icon from UI:
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```
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global_instant_effects = {'instant_health', 'instant_damage', 'saturation'};
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__config() -> {
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'commands' ->
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{
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'' -> _() -> print('this is a root call, does nothing. Just for show'),
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'clear' -> _() -> clear_all([player()]),
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'clear <entities>' -> 'clear_all',
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'clear <entities> <effect>' -> 'clear',
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'give <entities> <effect>' -> ['apply', -1, 0, false, true],
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'give <entities> <effect> <seconds>' -> ['apply', 0, false, true],
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'give <entities> <effect> <seconds> <amplifier>' -> ['apply', false, true],
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'give <entities> <effect> <seconds> <amplifier> <hideParticles>' -> ['apply', true],
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'give <entities> <effect> <seconds> <amplifier> <hideParticles> <showIcon>' -> 'apply',
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},
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'arguments' -> {
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'seconds' -> { 'type' -> 'int', 'min' -> 1, 'max' -> 1000000, 'suggest' -> [60]},
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'amplifier' -> { 'type' -> 'int', 'min' -> 0, 'max' -> 255, 'suggest' -> [0]},
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'hideParticles' -> {'type' -> 'bool'}, // pure rename
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'showIcon' -> {'type' -> 'bool'}, // pure rename
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}
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};
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clear_all(targets) -> for(targets, modify(_, 'effect'));
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clear(targets, effect) -> for(targets, modify(_, 'effect', effect));
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apply(targets, effect, seconds, amplifier, part, icon) ->
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(
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ticks = if (has(global_instant_effects, effect),
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if (seconds < 0, 1, seconds),
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if (seconds < 0, 600, 20*seconds)
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);
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for (targets, modify(_, 'effect', effect, ticks, amplifier, part, icon));
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)
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```
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This is the most flexible way to specify custom commands with scarpet. it works by providing command
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paths with functions to execute, and optionally, custom argument types. Commands are listed in a map, where
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the key (can be empty) consists of
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the execution path with the command syntax, which consists of literals (as is) and arguments (wrapped with `<>`), with the name / suffix
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of the name of the attribute indicating its type, and the value represent function to call, either function values,
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defined function names, or functions with some default arguments. Values extracted from commands will be passed to the
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functions and executed. By default, command list will be checked for ambiguities (commands with the same path up to some point
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that further use different attributes), causing app loading error if that happens, however this can be suppressed by specifying
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`'allow_command_conflicts'`.
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Unlike with legacy command system with types support, names of the arguments and names of the function parameters don't need to match.
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The only important aspect is the argument count and argument order.
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Custom commands provide a substantial subset of brigadier features in a simple package, skipping purposely on some less common
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and less frequently used features, like forks and redirects, used pretty much only in the vanilla `execute` command.
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### Command argument types
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There are several default argument types that can be used directly without specifying custom types. Each argument can be
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customized in the `'arguments'` section of the app config, specifying its base type, via `'type'` that needs
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to match any of the built-in types, with a series of optional modifiers. Shared modifiers include:
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* `suggest` - static list of suggestions to show above the command while typing
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* `suggester` - function taking one map argument, indicating current state of attributes in the parsed command
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suggesting a dynamic list of valid suggestions for typing. For instance here is a term based type matching
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all loaded players adding Steve and Alex, and since player list changes over time cannot be provided statically:
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```
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__config() -> {
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'arguments' -> {
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'loadedplayer' -> {
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'type' -> 'term',
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'suggester' -> _(args) -> (
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nameset = {'Steve', 'Alex'};
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for(player('all'), nameset += _);
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keys(nameset)
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),
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}
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}
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};
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```
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* `case_sensitive` - whether suggestions are case sensitive, defaults to true
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Here is a list of built-in types, with their return value formats, as well as a list of modifiers
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that can be customized for that type (if any)
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* `'string'`: a string that can be quoted to include spaces. Customizable with `'options'` - a
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static list of valid options it can take. command will fail if the typed string is not in this list.
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* `'term'`: single word string, no spaces. Can also be customized with `'options'`
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* `'text'`: the rest of the command as a string. Has to be the last argument. Can also be customized with `'options'`
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* `'bool'`: `true` or `false`
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* `'float'`: a number. Customizable with `'min'` and `'max'` values.
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* `'int'`: a number, requiring an integer value. Customizable with `'min'` and `'max'` values.
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* `'yaw'`: a number, requiring a valid yaw angle.
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* `'pos'`: block position as a triple of coordinates. Customized with `'loaded'`, if true requiring the position
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to be loaded.
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* `'block'`: a valid block state wrapped in a block value (including block properties and data)
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* `'teamcolor'`: name of a team, and an integer color value of one of 16 valid team colors.
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* `'columnpos'`: a pair of x and z coordinates.
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* `'dimension'`: string representing a valid dimension in the world.
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* `'anchor'`: string of `feet` or `eyes`.
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* `'entitytype'`: string representing a type of entity
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* `'floatrange'`: pair of two numbers where one is smaller than the other
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* `'players'`: returning a list of valid player entities. If configured with `'single'` returns only one player or `null`.
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* `'intrange'`: same as `'floatrange'`, but requiring integers.
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* `'enchantment'`: name of an enchantment
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* `'item'`: triple of item type, count of 1, and nbt.
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* `'message'`: text with expanded embedded player names
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* `'effect'`: string representing a status effect
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* `'path'`: a valid nbt path
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* `'objective'`: a tuple of scoreboard objective name and its criterion
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* `'criterion'`: name of a scoreboard criterion
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* `'particle'`: name of a particle
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* `'recipe'`: name of a valid recipe. Can be fed to recipe_data function.
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* `'advancement'`: name of an advancement
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* `'lootcondition'`: a loot condition
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* `'loottable'`: name of a loot table source
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* `'attribute'`: an attribute name
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* `'boss'`: a bossbar name
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* `'biome'`: a biome name
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* `'sound'`: name of a sound
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* `'storekey'`: string of a valid current data store key.
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* `'identifier'`: any valid identifier. 'minecraft:' prefix is stripped off as a default.
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Configurable with `'options'` parameter providing a static list of valid identifiers.
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* `'rotation'`: pair of two numbers indicating yaw and pitch values.
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* `'scoreholder'`: list of strings of valid score holders. Customizable with `'single'` that makes the parameter require a single target, retuning `null` if its missing
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* `'scoreboardslot'` string representing a valid location of scoreboard display.
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* `'swizzle'` - set of axis as a string, sorted.
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* `'time'` - number of ticks representing a duration of time.
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* `'uuid'` - string of a valid uuid.
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* `'surfacelocation'` - pair of x and z coordinates, floating point numbers.
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* `'location'` - triple of x, y and z coordinates, optionally centered on the block if
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interger coordinates are provided and `'block_centered'` optional modifier is `true`.
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## Dimension warning
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One note, which is important is that most of the calls for entities and blocks would refer to the current
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dimension of the caller, meaning, that if we for example list all the players using `player('all')` function,
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if a player is in the other dimension, calls to entities and blocks around that player would be incorrect.
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Moreover, running commandblocks in the spawn chunks would mean that commands will always refer to the overworld
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blocks and entities. In case you would want to run commands across all dimensions, just run three of them,
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using `/execute in overworld/the_nether/the_end run script run ...` and query players using `player('*')`,
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which only returns players in current dimension, or use `in_dimension(expr)` function. |